Discharge from the genitals can disturb not only girls, but also men. Males have normal discharge that is odorless. Their source is the urethra. In women, the discharge is called leucorrhoea. If you have noticed unhealthy discharge in yourself, urgently go to a face-to-face appointment with a urologist.
Norm or pathology?
The urethra is the male urethra. From there, they appear from time to time. There is such a thing as urethrorrhea. It can be physiological or libidinal. From the outlet of the urethra, discharge of a transparent shade appears. It happens in the morning, right after waking up, or when a man is sexually aroused.
Urethrorrhea may be more pronounced or weaker. The lubricant that is released during arousal contains spermatozoa. Therefore, if you do not want to have children yet, it is worth protecting yourself even with preliminary caresses by the genitals. The secretions in men help sperm pass through the urethra and into and out of the partner's vagina. After all, the environment there is acidic, and this is harmful to the life of sperm.
Defecation prostorrhea can be the second cause of discharge in guys and men. When a man pushes, he has a discharge on the head of the penis that is odorless and colorless. They may sometimes have white-gray inclusions. Their consistency is viscous. These are secretions from the prostate and seminal vesicles. Appearance is possible at the completion of the emptying of the bladder. Then it is called mictional prostorrhea. In extremely rare cases, a man notices such discharge after coughing. It is not a disease, but a disorder that can be cured.
The next type of discharge from the genitals of a man is. It includes the secret of the sebaceous glands of the head of the penis and foreskin. If a man washes, changes underwear and does not wear someone else's underwear, then these secretions will be washed off. And they won't be the center of attention. If hygiene is not so good, there may be an accumulation of a rather large amount of smegma. Pathological flora will multiply and develop there, because the genitals and underwear will smell unpleasant.
Sperm
Sperm - discharge, in which there are a lot of smermia (spermatozoa). Sperm is released during ejaculation, that is, at the moment of peak pleasure during sexual intercourse of a different nature. Also, in a dream, men and boys sometimes have wet dreams, then sperm is also released from the penis.
Wet dreams occur mainly during puberty. This is 2-5 cases per month. But with changes in the balance of hormones, there may be wet dreams even several times a week. If sperm does not flow out of the penis at the time of orgasm, this is called "". This is a disease caused by a violation of muscle tone in the vas deferens. Basically, this happens with diseases of the brain or chronic inflammation in the ducts.
Pathological discharge
The physiological secretions that are normally found in guys and men are described above. Here we will look at discharges that are associated with health problems. Basically, pathological discharge from the urethra disturbs men with urethritis. This is an inflammatory process that develops in the urethra. An infection or non-infectious factors can provoke urethritis.
The infection can be either specific or non-specific. Specific is mainly trichomoniasis or gonorrhea. And nonspecific urethritis can be triggered by such pathogens:
- mycoplasma
- ureaplasma
- chlamydia
- herpes
- staphylococcus aureus
- streptococcus
Non-infectious causes of urethritis and associated discharge from the genital tract:
- injury, narrowing of the urethra
- irritation with chemicals
- mechanical damage to the mucous membrane
- allergen influence
Discharge from the genital tract in males can be different in color, as well as in transparency. It depends on how active the inflammation is, at what stage it is, what kind of flora is caused. The composition of secretions from the penis includes:
- slime
- liquid
- cells of different origin
If there is a lot of the last named component, then the discharge becomes cloudy, which the man himself can visually observe. If epithelial cells appear in the secretions in large numbers, then the secretions thicken and acquire a gray tint.
Symptoms of candidiasis:
- white patches on the head of the penis
- the head of the penis has an unpleasant smell, reminiscent of yeast or sour bread
- there are unpleasant sensations on the penis and in the perineal region: burning, itching, sometimes pain
- more secretions when emptying the bladder
- reddish spots on the tip of the penis and inside the foreskin
- white discharge at times other than urination
- pain during sex (on the head and on the foreskin)
- sexual partner (wife, girl) complains of discomfort up to pain during intercourse
- the partner has white discharge of a curdled consistency
The second possible cause of white discharge in men is ureaplasmosis, chlamydia, mycoplasmosis. It can also be an inflammation of the prostate gland, the symptoms of which are:
- frequent urge to urinate
- discomfort during bowel movements
- burning in the perineum and urethra
- intermittent and difficult bladder emptying
- sexual disorders
If prostatitis is not treated, then the erection will disappear, and it will also be impossible to conceive a child in the future. Therefore, if one or more of the above symptoms appear, immediately consult a doctor for a face-to-face consultation.
Trichomoniasis can cause yellow discharge in men. But in most cases, the disease has a latent course, that is, there will be no symptoms. If there are still symptoms, then there will be, among other things, such of them:
- discomfort in the perineum
- feeling of heaviness in the lower abdomen
- frequent and overwhelming urge to urinate
- burning and stinging when urinating
Discharge with odor
The first possible reason (and the most harmless) is a violation of hygiene. As mentioned above, smegma is a normal (non-illness) male secretion. If you do not wash regularly, at least once a day, then smegma accumulates, bacteria multiply in it, provoking not very pleasant odors. These scents can vary from person to person.
If you follow the rules of hygiene, and the unpleasant smell is still present, the doctor may suspect a metabolic disorder. In such cases, the most common cause is diabetes mellitus. Smegma will stand out in a sufficiently large amount, because the laundry will be wet.
Infections also cause odorous discharge in men. Basically, a pathological process occurs in the urethra. A doctor may suspect urethritis caused by a gonorrheal infection. The nature of the discharge is described above. If the discharge from the penis smells sour in men, urogenital candidiasis most likely develops.
If the discharge from the genitals smells like fish, most likely the man has gardnerellosis. The same pathogen in women causes a disease called. But these are very rare cases, in women the disease is much more common. Gardnerella is a conditionally pathogenic flora. It multiplies when exposed to certain factors. Factors for the development of gardnerellosis:
- promiscuous sex life
- tight synthetic underwear (made from non-natural materials)
- long courses of antibiotics or immunosuppressants
- spermicide condoms
- inflammation of the urinary tract
- decreased immunity
Discharge with blood in men
The main reason is infections. The discharge can be either completely bloody or include streaks of blood. If the infection multiplies in the urethra, then you will notice such a symptom in yourself, but not necessarily. Urethritis is mainly caused in such cases by Candida, Trichomonas or gonorrhea infection. The stronger the inflammation, the more blood is released.
Probable reason number two is medical manipulations carried out inaccurately. The urethra is injured, and therefore blood is released. Procedures that may damage the urethra:
- catheter placement
- catheter removal
- bougienage
- taking a swab
- cystoscopy
Allocations with blood are simultaneous. It should be noted that in this case, the scarlet blood, without clots, quickly stops.
The passage of calculi, sand is the next cause of bloody discharge from the penis. They are secreted from the kidneys or bladder and pass through the urethra. Microliths are hard, they injure the mucous membrane and the walls of blood vessels, which becomes the direct cause of bleeding. There are also pain sensations.
It also provokes, in some cases, discharge with blood inclusions. Blood in the urine that a man sees when he goes to the toilet is called gross hematuria. Then in parallel develop symptoms such as increased blood pressure, swelling.
There may also be an even more serious cause of bloody discharge in guys and men - cancer. Malignant tumors can be of such organs:
- testicles
- penis
- prostate, etc.
The blood will then be brown or dark, and blood clots will be present in the secretions.
Isolation of blood with semen
Such discharge is called "hematospermia". It can be true and false. If the hematospermia is false, then the blood mixes with the semen during its passage through the urethra. If this pathology is true, then the blood is mixed with sperm even before passing through the urethra.
Hematospermia is manifested by such signs (clinical picture):
- urination disorders
- pain during ejaculation
- discomfort and back pain
- pain and/or swelling in the genitals
- high body temperature
Causes of bleeding with semen:
- prolonged sexual abstinence
- excessively active sex life (during coitus, the walls of blood vessels are torn)
- varicose veins of the pelvic organs
- stones in the testes and vas deferens
- malignant and benign formations in the genitourinary organs
- biopsy
- genital surgery
Physiological secretions
The health of a man is evidenced by physiological discharge from the outlet of the urethra, which is observed in the following cases:
Libidinous or physiological urethrorrhea
This condition occurs when clear discharge appears on the head of the penis during sexual arousal or in the morning, immediately after sleep. Their number in different men varies and is directly related to the severity of sexual arousal. But in any case, it is important to remember that such discharges, when excited, contain a small amount of spermatozoa, therefore, if they enter the partner's genitals, she has a risk of becoming pregnant. The function of the described secretions is to ensure the passage of spermatozoa through the urethra and vagina of a woman, where there is an acidic environment that is detrimental to the "gum", and enter them in a viable form into the uterine cavity and tubes for fertilization of the egg.
Defecation prostorrhea
During an increase in intra-abdominal pressure (when straining), a transparent, odorless discharge with possible gray-white streaks may appear on the head of the penis. Such secretions are viscous and consist of a mixture of prostate secretion and seminal vesicles. Similar discharge may also appear at the end of urination, in which case they speak of micturatory prostorrhea. In exceptional cases, such discharge also appears with a strong cough. They are not considered an organic pathology, but only indicate a violation of the autonomic regulation of the functioning of the genital organs.
Smegma
Smegma (preputial lubrication) is a secret that consists of secretions from the sebaceous glands of the head of the penis and foreskin. Normally, if a man observes the rules of personal hygiene, such discharges do not create inconvenience, since they are mechanically washed off with water. But if hygiene is neglected, smegma accumulates, and microorganisms multiply in it, which serves as a source of an unpleasant odor.
semen excretion
Sperm, which contains a large number of spermatozoa, is normally released during ejaculation (ejaculation) at the end of sexual intercourse or spontaneously, in a dream (pollution). Wet dreams are observed in adolescent boys and occur either several times a month, or 1 - 3 per week (hormonal changes).
In some cases, spermatorrhea, that is, the flow of sperm from the urethra without sexual intercourse and orgasm, indicates a pathology when the tone of the muscular layer of the vas deferens is disturbed in the presence of chronic inflammation or brain diseases.
Pathological discharge
All other secretions that go beyond the physiological are pathologies and indicate primarily inflammation of the urethra or urethritis. different, they can be both infectious and non-infectious.
Infectious causes are divided into specific and non-specific.
- Specific etiological factors include diseases that are sexually transmitted, this and.
- Nonspecific infectious urethritis is caused by opportunistic bacteria, viruses and fungi:
- chlamydial urethritis;
- ureaplasma and mycoplasmal urethritis;
- candidal urethritis or urogenital candidiasis in men;
- herpetic urethritis and others (E. coli, streptococci, staphylococci).
Non-infectious factors of inflammation include:
- allergic reactions
- mechanical damage to the urethral mucosa
- irritation of the urethra by chemicals
- injury, narrowing of the urethra.
Male discharge may vary in transparency and color. These parameters are affected by the intensity of the inflammatory process, its stage and etiological factor. The secretions are formed from fluid, mucus and various cells.
- Muddy - if there are a large number of cells, then the discharge has a cloudy color.
- Gray or thick - with a predominance of epithelial cells in the secretions, they become gray in color and become thick.
- Yellow, green or yellow-green - when a large number of leukocytes are contained in the secretions, they become yellow and even green in color, they are also called purulent discharges.
It should be noted that with the same pathology, the nature of the discharge changes over time.
White discharge
White discharge in men is due to several reasons. First of all, candidiasis should be excluded (see). With this disease, the following symptoms are observed:
- the head of the penis smells unpleasantly of sour bread or yeast;
- the head of the penis is covered with a whitish coating;
- there is itching, burning and even pain in the penis and in the perineum;
- discharge appears during urination;
- reddish spots (irritation, inflammation) are noted on the head and inner surface of the foreskin;
- there is pain during intercourse, discomfort is felt in the area of \u200b\u200bthe head and foreskin;
- white discharge is noted not only during urination;
- the partner complains of itching and burning, pain during intercourse, has curdled discharge.
Transparent highlights
- Chlamydia, ureaplasmosis - transparent mucous discharge is possible with chlamydial or ureaplasmic urethritis in the chronic stage of the disease. With an exacerbation of the process in the secretions, the number of leukocytes increases, and they acquire a greenish or yellowish color.
- Trichomoniasis, gonorrhea - also transparent, abundant discharge with a large amount of mucus, which are observed during the day, are possible in the initial stage of infection with Trichomonas or gonococci. In the case of chlamydia (ureaplasmosis), subjective sensations are often absent (pain, itching, burning), and clear discharge appears after prolonged urination.
yellow discharge
Purulent discharge, which includes the desquamated epithelium of the urethra, a significant number of leukocytes and urethral mucus, are yellowish or greenish. Yellow discharge or with an admixture of greenery are a characteristic sign of sexually transmitted diseases.
- Gonorrhea - the discharge is thick and has an unpleasant putrid odor, is observed during the day and is accompanied by pain when urinating. A man should first think of a gonorrheal infection if there is a classic pair of symptoms: discharge and itching.
- Trichomoniasis - also with yellow discharge, trichomoniasis is not excluded, although it is often asymptomatic. With severe symptoms of trichomonas infection, in addition to purulent discharge, a man is disturbed by frequent and irresistible urge to urinate, a feeling of heaviness in the lower abdomen and discomfort in the perineum.
Discharge with odor
Violation of hygiene
An unpleasant smell of the perineum and penis in particular can be observed if the conditions of intimate hygiene are not observed:
- Smegma is an excellent breeding ground for microorganisms that, multiplying and dying, create an unpleasant odor if you do not regularly thoroughly wash the external genitalia.
- In addition, smegma itself may have an unpleasant odor in case of metabolic disorders. At the same time, the release of smegma is so intense that it soaks through the underwear.
infections
Discharge with an odor is most often observed with an infectious lesion of the urethra. First of all, gonorrheal urethritis should be excluded - thick, yellow or green discharge that occurs throughout the day.
The sour smell of secretions is a pathognomic symptom of urogenital candidiasis. Infection with fungi of the genus Candida provokes the appearance of cheesy or milky white discharge (see).
A fishy smell of discharge is also possible, which is inherent in gardnerellosis, which is rather characteristic of women (called bacterial vaginosis), and in men the development of this disease is rather nonsense. Gardnerella belongs to conditionally pathogenic microorganisms and begins to actively multiply only under certain conditions:
- weakening of the immune system;
- concomitant inflammatory processes of the genitourinary organs;
- intestinal dysbacteriosis;
- use of condoms with spermicides;
- long-term treatment with antibiotics or immunosuppressants (cytostatics, corticosteroids);
- tight underwear made of synthetic fabrics;
- promiscuous sex life.
Discharge with blood
infections
Bloody discharge or discharge with streaks of blood is often observed with an infectious lesion of the urethra. An admixture of blood is characteristic of gonorrheal, trichomonas or candidal urethritis. Moreover, the amount of blood is directly related to the intensity of inflammation.
Often, blood is observed in chronic urethritis (the mucous membrane of the urethra is loosened and responds with contact bleeding to the slightest irritation, including the passage of urine through the canal).
Medical manipulations
Another reason for these is trauma to the urethra during medical procedures. In the case of rough bougienage, insertion and removal of the catheter, cystoscopy or taking a smear, one-stage bleeding may be observed. They differ in that the scarlet blood does not have clots, and the bleeding itself stops very quickly.
Passage of stones, sand
Among other things, discharge with blood can be observed when small stones or sand (from the kidneys or bladder) pass through the urethra. The hard surface of the microliths damages the mucosa and vessel walls, causing bleeding. In this case, the blood is most noticeable during urination, which is accompanied by pain.
Glomerulonephritis
Gross hematuria is also possible in the presence of glomerulonephritis. In this case, there is a triad of symptoms: gross hematuria, edema, increased blood pressure.
Isolation of blood with semen
We must not forget about such a symptom as discharge (hematospermia). There are false and true hematospermia. With false blood, it is mixed with semen during its passage through the urethra. And with true blood enters the ejaculate even before it passes through the urethra. Hematospermia is accompanied by the following symptoms:
- pain during ejaculation;
- urination disorders;
- pain and / or swelling in the genitals (testicles and scrotum);
- discomfort and back pain;
- increase in body temperature.
One of the causes of hematospermia is:
- excessively active sex life or vice versa,
- prolonged sexual abstinence, while during intercourse there is a rupture of the vascular walls in the tissues of the genital organs
- previous surgery or biopsy can also cause blood in semen
- hematospermia appears with benign and malignant neoplasms of the genitourinary organs
- in the presence of stones in the testes and vas deferens
- with varicose veins of the pelvic organs.
As you know, discharge from the penis of a man can be both physiological and pathological. Physiological include secretions that are the result of the activity of the gonads, including the result of sexual arousal.
Such discharges from the penis are a clear viscous liquid and do not cause any discomfort in a man by their presence. Physiological discharge on the head of the penis in a healthy man is normal and quite common. The rest of the discharge on the head in men is pathological in nature and, as a rule, is accompanied by a particular infection.